Frontend Beginner — Learning Path
Someone new to frontend who wants to become a productive junior engineer.
Level: Foundational · Required: 93 articles (~13.8 h) · Optional: 27 articles (~4.5 h)
Difficulty of required articles: Foundational 81 · Intermediate 12.
Follow the sections in order. Articles link into docs/; each shows its difficulty and estimated reading time. Full prerequisites for any article are in its domain's graph.json (see GRAPH.md).
Milestones
- Explain how the browser turns HTML/CSS/JS into pixels
- Author a semantic, responsive page with Flexbox and Grid
- Write modern JavaScript: closures, async/await, modules
- Reason about the DOM and the event loop
- Build an interactive React component with state and effects
Expected skills
By completing the required articles you should be able to:
- Semantic HTML and responsive CSS
- Core JavaScript fluency (async, closures, modules)
- A working mental model of the web platform
- Basic React components with state and effects
Required articles
The Web Platform
- HTML Parsing & DOM Construction · Foundational · 11 min
- Style Calculation · Foundational · 8 min
- Layout & Reflow · Foundational · 8 min
- Paint & Layerization · Foundational · 8 min
- Compositing · Foundational · 8 min
- The DOM as an Abstraction · Foundational · 8 min
- The CSSOM · Foundational · 8 min
- The Render Tree · Foundational · 8 min
- Tasks & the Callback Queue · Foundational · 8 min
- Microtasks & the Job Queue · Foundational · 8 min
- Rendering & rAF Timing · Foundational · 8 min
- Long Tasks & Starvation · Foundational · 8 min
HTML & Document Semantics
- The Document Outline · Foundational · 8 min
- Sectioning & Landmarks · Foundational · 8 min
- Headings Hierarchy · Foundational · 8 min
- Tables & Data Semantics · Foundational · 8 min
- Native Form Controls · Foundational · 8 min
- Buttons, Links & Actions · Foundational · 8 min
- Dialog, Details & Popover · Foundational · 8 min
- The Contenteditable Model · Foundational · 8 min
- Responsive Images (srcset) · Foundational · 8 min
- Audio & Video · Foundational · 8 min
- Iframes & Embedding · Foundational · 8 min
- Inline SVG · Foundational · 8 min
- Head Metadata · Foundational · 8 min
- SEO Semantics · Foundational · 8 min
- Open Graph & Social Cards · Foundational · 8 min
- Structured Data (JSON-LD) · Foundational · 8 min
CSS & Visual Systems
- Specificity · Foundational · 8 min
- Inheritance & Initial Values · Foundational · 11 min
- Cascade Layers (@layer) · Foundational · 8 min
- Custom Properties · Foundational · 8 min
- The Box Model · Foundational · 8 min
- Formatting Contexts · Foundational · 8 min
- Stacking Contexts & z-index · Foundational · 11 min
- Containment & content-visibility · Foundational · 11 min
- Normal Flow · Foundational · 8 min
- Flexbox · Foundational · 8 min
- Grid & Subgrid · Foundational · 8 min
- Positioning & Sticky · Foundational · 8 min
- Intrinsic Sizing · Foundational · 8 min
- Media Queries · Foundational · 8 min
- Container Queries · Foundational · 8 min
- Fluid Type & Space · Foundational · 8 min
- Viewport & Responsive Units · Foundational · 11 min
- Font Loading & FOUT/FOIT · Foundational · 8 min
- Type Scale & Rhythm · Foundational · 8 min
- Text Overflow & Truncation · Foundational · 8 min
JavaScript
- Primitives & Wrappers · Foundational · 8 min
- Coercion & Conversion · Foundational · 8 min
- Equality & Comparison · Foundational · 8 min
- null, undefined & Nullish · Foundational · 8 min
- Lexical Scope · Foundational · 8 min
- Closures · Foundational · 8 min
- Hoisting & TDZ · Foundational · 8 min
- Block vs Function Scope · Foundational · 8 min
- Property Descriptors · Foundational · 8 min
- The Prototype Chain · Foundational · 8 min
- Inheritance Patterns · Foundational · 8 min
- Proxies & Reflect · Foundational · 8 min
- Binding Rules · Foundational · 8 min
- call / apply / bind · Foundational · 8 min
- Arrow Functions & Lexical this · Foundational · 11 min
- Higher-Order Functions · Foundational · 8 min
- Currying & Partial Application · Foundational · 11 min
- Composition · Foundational · 8 min
- The Callback Model · Foundational · 8 min
- Promises · Foundational · 8 min
- async / await · Foundational · 8 min
- Cancellation & AbortController · Foundational · 11 min
- ES Modules · Foundational · 8 min
- Dynamic Import · Foundational · 8 min
- Module Resolution Semantics · Foundational · 11 min
Browser APIs
- Web Storage · Foundational · 8 min
- IndexedDB · Foundational · 8 min
- The Cache Storage API · Foundational · 8 min
- Cookies & Partitioned Storage · Foundational · 11 min
- Storage Quotas & Eviction · Foundational · 8 min
- The History API · Foundational · 8 min
- The Navigation API · Foundational · 8 min
- URL & URLSearchParams · Foundational · 8 min
React
- Elements vs Components · Intermediate · 12 min
- JSX Semantics · Intermediate · 12 min
- Composition & Children · Intermediate · 12 min
- useState · Intermediate · 12 min
- useReducer · Intermediate · 12 min
- The Rules of Hooks · Intermediate · 12 min
- State Batching & Updates · Intermediate · 12 min
- useEffect & Synchronization · Intermediate · 15 min
- useLayoutEffect · Intermediate · 12 min
- Effect Cleanup & Dependencies · Intermediate · 15 min
- Refs & useRef · Intermediate · 12 min
- Error Boundaries · Intermediate · 12 min
Optional articles
TypeScript
- Structural Typing · Foundational · 8 min
- Assignability · Foundational · 8 min
- unknown, never & any · Foundational · 8 min
- Literal & Unit Types · Foundational · 8 min
CSS & Visual Systems
- Color Spaces & Gamut · Foundational · 8 min
- Color Functions & Mixing · Foundational · 8 min
- Perceptual Contrast & Readability · Foundational · 11 min
- Naming Methodologies · Foundational · 8 min
- Scoping & Isolation · Foundational · 8 min
- Utility-First Styling · Foundational · 8 min
- CSS-in-JS Models · Foundational · 8 min
- Zero-Runtime / Compiled CSS · Foundational · 11 min
- Consuming Design Tokens · Foundational · 8 min
Networking & Protocols
- HTTP/1.1 Semantics · Foundational · 8 min
- HTTP/2 Multiplexing · Foundational · 8 min
- HTTP/3 & QUIC · Foundational · 8 min
- Methods, Status Codes & Headers · Foundational · 11 min
Accessibility
- WCAG Principles (POUR) · Intermediate · 12 min
- Conformance Levels · Intermediate · 12 min
- The ARIA Model · Intermediate · 12 min
- Accessible Name Computation · Intermediate · 15 min
Developer Experience & Workflow
- Browser DevTools · Intermediate · 12 min
- Debugging Techniques · Intermediate · 12 min
- Framework DevTools · Intermediate · 12 min
- Branching Models · Intermediate · 12 min
- Commit Conventions · Intermediate · 12 min
- PR & Review Tooling · Intermediate · 12 min